![]() ![]() Nikolaus Hartman, Christian Olsen, Silvia Lüscher, Mohammad Samani & Joshua Folkĭepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canadaįields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canadaĭepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Present address: The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Electron–phonon scattering rates in GaAs/AlGaAs 2DEG samples below 0.5 K. In-plane magnetic-field-induced Wigner crystallization in a two-electron quantum dot. Cotunneling spectroscopy in few-electron quantum dots. Zeeman energy and spin relaxation in a one-electron quantum dot. Asymmetry of charge relaxation times in quantum dots: The influence of degeneracy. Strong electromechanical coupling of an atomic force microscope cantilever to a quantum dot. D., Cockins, L., Miyahara, Y., Grütter, P. Energy levels of few-electron quantum dots imaged and characterized by atomic force microscopy. Theory of Coulomb-blockade oscillations in the conductance of a quantum dot. Three-terminal energy harvester with coupled quantum dots. Coulomb-blockade oscillations in the thermopower of a quantum dot. Measurements of Coulomb blockade with a noninvasive voltage probe. Local charge of the v = 5/2 fractional quantum Hall state. Venkatachalam, V., Yacoby, A., Pfeiffer, L. Statistical Physics 3rd edn 158–190 (Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1980). Nuclear-spin-induced oscillatory current in spin-blockaded quantum dots. Single-shot read-out of an individual electron spin in a quantum dot. Entanglement structure of the two-channel Kondo model. Ettingshausen effect due to Majorana modes. Detecting non-Abelian anyons by charging spectroscopy. Observable bulk signatures of non-Abelian quantum Hall states. Measuring the degeneracy of discrete energy levels using a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot. Spin and polarized current from Coulomb blockaded quantum dots. ![]() Stability of spin states in quantum dots. Coulomb-blockade spectroscopy on a small quantum dot in a parallel magnetic field. Addition spectrum of a lateral dot from Coulomb and spin-blockade spectroscopy. ![]() Shell filling and spin effects in a few electron quantum dot. Specific heat and entropy of fractional quantum Hall states in the second Landau level. For example, entangled states or those with non-Abelian statistics could be clearly distinguished by their low-temperature entropy 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. The precision of this technique, quantifying the entropy of a single spin-1/2 to within 5% of the expected value of k B ln 2, shows its potential for probing more exotic systems. Here, we develop a mesoscopic circuit to directly measure the entropy of just a few electrons, and demonstrate its efficacy using the well-understood spin statistics of the first, second and third electron ground states in a GaAs quantum dot 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Traditionally, entropy measurements are based on bulk properties, such as heat capacity, that are easily observed in macroscopic samples but are unmeasurably small in systems that consist of only a few particles 1, 2. This is particularly valuable in cases where the state is difficult to identify by conventional experimental probes, such as conductance. The entropy of an electronic system offers important insights into the nature of its quantum mechanical ground state. ![]()
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